Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Geography Chapter 5

Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Geography Chapter 5 Answers Solutions:

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Social Geography Book Back Solution

Chapter 5 – Hazards

I. Choose the correct answer:

1. ……………. percentage of nitrogen is present in the air.
(a) 78.09%
(b) 74.08%
(c) 80.07%
(d) 76.63%
Answer: (a) 78.09%

2. Tsunami in Indian Ocean took place in the s ear …………….
(a) 1990
(b) 2004
(c) 2005
(d) 2008
Answer: (b) 2004

3. The word tsunami is derived from ……………. language.
(a) Hindi
(b) French
(c) Japanese
(d) German
Answer: (c) Japanese

4. The example of surface water is –
(a) Artesian well
(b) Groundwater
(c) Subsurface water
(d) Lake
Answer: (d) Lake

5. Event that occurs due to the failure of monsoons.
(a) Condensation
(b) Drought
(c) Evaporation
(d) Precipitation
Answer: (b) Drought

II. Fill in the blanks:

Hazards may lead to ……………..
Landslide is an example of …………….. hazard.
On the basis of origin, hazard can be grouped into …………….. categories.
Terrorism is an example of …………….. hazard.
Oxides of Nitrogen are …………….. pollutants which affects the human beings.
Chernobyl nuclear accident took place in ……………..

Answer:

disaster
Geologic (or) Seismic
Eight
Human – induced
Primary
26th April 1986

III. Match the following:

List I List II

1. Primary pollutant – Terrorism
2. Hazardous waste – Tsunami
3. Earthquake – Outdated drugs
4. Meteorological – Oxides of drought Sulphur
5. Human induced – Reduction in hazard rainfall
Answer:

1. Primary pollutant – Oxides of drought Sulphur Terrorism
2. Hazardous waste – Outdated drugs
3. Earthquake – Tsunami
4. Meteorological – Reduction in hazard rainfall
5. Human induced – Terrorism

IV Answer in brief:

1. Define‘hazard’.
Answer:
Hazards are defined as a thing, person, event, or factor that poses a threat to people, structures, or economic assets and which may cause a disaster.

2. What are the major types of hazards?
Answer:

Atmospheric hazard
Geologic 7 Seismic hazard
Hydrologic hazard
Volcanic hazard
Environmental hazard
Biological hazard
Human – induced hazard
Technological hazard

3. Write a brief note on hazardous wastes.
Answer:
The wastes that may or tend to cause adverse health effects on the ecosystem and human beings are called hazardous wastes.

4. List out the major flood prone areas of our country.
Answer:

The major flood prone areas in north and northeast India are, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, North Bihar, West Bengal and Brahmaputra valley.
Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Southern Gujarat are the other regions which are also prone to flood often.

5. Mention the types of drought.
Answer:
The drought is classified into three major types

Meteorological drought
Hydrological drought
Agricultural drought

6. Why should not we construct houses at foothill areas?
Answer:
We should not construct houses at foothill areas because it has rapid downward movement of rocks and soil and vegetation down the slope under the influence of gravity which leads to landslides.

V. Distinguish the following :

1. Hazards and disasters.
Answer:
1. Hazard:
A natural hazard is a natural process and event that is a potential threat to human life and property.

2. Disasters:
A disaster is a hazardous event that occurs over a limited time span in a defined area and causes great damage to property / loss of life, also needs assistance from others.

2. Natural hazard and human-made hazard.
Answer:
Natural Hazards:

These are the results of natural processes and man has no role to play in such hazards.
For example: Earthquakes, Floods, Cyclonic storms and volcanic eruption etc.

Human – made – Hazards:

These are caused by undesirable activities of human. It can be the result of an accident such as an industrial chemical leak or oil spill.
For example: Hazardous wastes, pollution of air, water and land etc.

3. Flood and drought.
Answer:
Flood:

Flood is an event in which a part of the earth’s surface gets inundated.
Heavy rainfall and large waves in seas are the common causes of flood.

Drought:

Any lack of water to satisfy the normal needs of agriculture, livestock, industry or human population may be termed as a drought.
Droughts in India occur in the event of a failure of monsoon.

4. Earthquake and tsunami.
Answer:
1. Earthquake:
Earthquake is a violent tremor in the earth’s crust, sending out a series of stock waves in all directions from its place of origin.

2. Tsunami:
Tsunami refers to huge ocean waves caused by an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption. It is generally noticed in the coastal regions and travel between 640 and 960 Km/h.